Ixtisoslashuvmi yoki diversifikatsiyami? Turizmga bogʻliq xizmat koʻrsatish iqtisodiyotlarida hududiy rivojlanish dilemmasining bogʻliq xilma-xillik asosidagi yechimi
##article.subject##:
hududiy ixtisoslashuv, xizmatlar diversifikatsiyasi, bogʻliq xilma-xillik, aqlli ixtisoslashuv, turizmga bogʻliqlik##article.abstract##
Hududiy siyosat bir-biriga zid koʻringan ikki koʻrsatma beradi. Aqlli ixtisoslashuv
hududlarni cheklangan resurslarni mavjud qiyosiy ustunlik sohalariga jamlashga yoʻnaltiradi;
barqarorlik (resilience) yondashuvi esa har qanday alohida faoliyatga tushgan zarba butun
iqtisodiyotga tarqalmasligi uchun diversifikatsiyani tavsiya etadi. Bogʻliq xilma-xillik (related
variety) adabiyoti murosani taklif qilgan edi — diversifikatsiya qiling, lekin hudud allaqachon
bajarayotgan faoliyatga kognitiv jihatdan yaqin sohalarga. Biroq soʻnggi yillarda ushbu murosa
jiddiy tanqidga uchradi: bogʻliqlik oʻlchovlari oʻzlariga nisbat berilayotgan mexanizmni haqiqatan
ham qamrab oladimi, degan savol qoʻyildi. Maqolada dilemma turizmga bogʻliq xizmat koʻrsatish
iqtisodiyotlarida eng keskin, mavjud murosa esa eng zaif ekanligi hamda bunday holatlar
adabiyotda hozircha mavjud boʻlmagan alohida konseptual ramkani talab qilishi asoslanadi.
Turizm ikkala qutbni bir vaqtda kuchaytiradi: u jamlanishdan kuchli aglomeratsiya va obroʻ
(reputatsion) daromadlarini yaratadi, ayni paytda hududiy iqtisodiyotni ekzogen, turizm bilan
bogʻliq barcha faoliyatlar boʻylab korrelyatsiyalangan va mahalliy ishlab chiqarish qobiliyatiga
bogʻliq boʻlmagan talab zarbalariga ochib qoʻyadi. Nazariyani moslashtirish (theory adaptation)
dizayni asosida maqolada qobiliyat boʻyicha bogʻliqlik talab korrelyatsiyasidan farqlanadi
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